Movie Review Yentl Essay - 1017 Words

Movie Review: Yentl nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Everyone at one time or another has felt out of place. Feeling unsure of ones place in society is an experience that every young adult faces but deals with differently. Some rebel while others comply with whatever has been set out for them by society or their parents, or both. The role of the woman in society is forever changing. Where women were once obligated to stay in the home and dote on their husbands, they are now working in the same types of jobs as their husbands. What was typically the male role has been blurred and practically obliterated. Religious roles have followed societys lead in their evolution. For example, since its creation over five thousand years ago, the Jewish†¦show more content†¦Yentl, or Anshel as she is known throughout most of the film, is played by Barbara Streisand who also directed, produced, and co-wrote this film. She captures the character beautifully, the expression in her eyes and voice displaying clearly the feelings of a woman struggling for knowledge and love but torn between her desire to learn and the tradition of her religion. When Avigdor says quot;What could she possibly be thinking?quot; the mentality of the Jewish Orthodox man is revealed completely: a woman exists but to serve a man. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Yentls inner conflicts and thoughts are revealed through the music she sings. It sets the mood and exposes Yentls feelings of despair. If it were not for the lyrics of her songs, the audience would not be aware of Yentls inner struggle. She tells us that she doesnt know if she likes the way that she feels - in love with Avigdor but forced to remain silent, she tells us of her desire to please her father even though he is dead, and she tells us of her plans to uncover her secret to Avigdor. The music that Barbara Streisand sings, as well as the background music, helps to reveal feelings and mood as well as the passage of time. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The mood and the passage of time are also indicated by the lighting. When Yentl is accepted as a student at the yeshiva (a thing forbidden to women), light streams in the window as if to show hope and happinessShow MoreRelatedMovie Review: Yentl1030 Words   |  5 PagesMovie Review: Yentl Everyone at one time or another has felt out of place. Feeling unsure of ones place in society is an experience that every young adult faces but deals with differently. Some rebel while others comply with whatever has been set out for them by society or their parents, or both. The role of the woman in society is forever changing. Where women were once obligated to stay in the home and dote on their husbands, they are now working in the same types of jobs as their husbands

Essay on Words I Never Said Analysis - 826 Words

A Contextual Analysis of â€Å"Words I Never Said† by Lupe Fiasco â€Å"Words I Never Said† is the second single released from Lupe Fiasco’s third album Lasers. This single was released on February 8th, 2011 for online download. â€Å"Words I Never Said† is a very informative and somewhat opinionated song. Through his lyrics, Lupe Fiasco is trying to speak out to the people and let them know what is really going on in the world and how they should pay attention because they play a huge part in it. The lyrics refer to multiple socioeconomic and controversial political topics. He talks about the corruption within the world and how we all see it and yet no one speaks out against it. Lupe writes about the war on terror, the media, and the silence in the†¦show more content†¦This lyric states how people have become blind as sheep and are now controlled by the media; having them push less important thoughts into our minds such as the problems you see on the MTV show Jersey Shore instead of looking at the real issues of the w orld. Major news stations spend half of their time on real world issues and the other half on gossip for good ratings. In his lyrics, Lupe is trying to get the media to broadcast real world problems and speak truth to the people, because right now they have the ability to control what we think about, and what we view as the truth. The most substantial message that Lupe Fiasco is trying to express with his lyrics in â€Å"Words I Never Said† is the silence in the people. Lupe is trying to tell everyone that they should speak out against all of the corrupt issues in the world, and to not be afraid of doing so because everyone else is thinking the same. He is starting to speak what is on his mind and informs everyone that it is now their turn. The entire third verse of the song expresses this with the lyrics â€Å"I think that all the silence is worse than all the violence. Fear is such a weak emotion, thats why I despise it. We scared of almost everything, afraid to even tell the truth. So scared of what you think of me, Im scared of even telling you. Sometimes Im like the only person I feel safe to tell it to.Show MoreRelatedTransactional Analysis1117 Words   |  5 Pages Transactional Analysis Theories of Counseling Gabriele Lauer-Ballard Baker College of Jackson May 27, 2013 Transactional Analysis Transactional Analysis is one of the most accessible theories of modern psychology. Transactional Analysis was founded by Eric Berne, and the famous parent adult child theory is still being developed today. Transactional Analysis has wide applications in clinical, therapeutic, organizational and personal development, encompassing communications, managementRead MoreTransactional Analysis : I m Ok, You re Ok By Thomas Anthony Harris1502 Words   |  7 PagesTRANSACTIONAL ANALYSIS Definition: At its simplest level, Transactional Analysis is the method for studying interactions between individuals. Transactional Analysis is a theory which outlines how we have developed and treat ourselves, how we relate and communicate with others, and offers suggestions and interventions which will enable us to change and grow. Your personal and social identity is influenced by the the three stages of a person; parent, adult (neutral) and child. Background: TransactionalRead MoreAnalysis of I wondered Lonely as a Cloud by William Wordsworth1309 Words   |  6 Pages William Wordsworth (1770-1850) I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud I wandered lonely as a cloud That floats on high o’er vales and hills, When all at once I saw a crowd, A host of golden daffodils; Beside the lake, beneath the trees, Fluttering and dancing in the breeze. Continuous as the stars that shine And twinkle on the milky way, They stretched in never-ending line Along the margin of a bay: Ten thousand saw I at a glance, Tossing their heads in sprightly dance The waves beside them danced; butRead MoreGraduation Speech : My Writing1565 Words   |  7 Pages Portfolio Argument Essay Throughout the semester, I was asked to summarize, respond to, analyze, and build upon the works of others.The transition from high school English to college English was an obstacle to overcome. Throughout the semester, I was given a multitude of feedback on different pieces to improve my writing. My writing drastically improved from high school to college and will continue to change in the expanse of the semester and the remainder of my college career. ThroughRead MoreSwot Analysis : Swot And Swot1081 Words   |  5 PagesSWOT Analysis: A SWOT analysis (SWOT matrix) first used by Stanford Research Institute during 1960-1970 and it was presented by Mr. Albert S. Humphrey a American business and management consultant by using data from fortune 500 companies. We can succeed in our life if we use our talents to our full extent. Similarly, we‘ll have some problems if we know our weakness are, and if we manage these weaknesses so that we don’t matter in the work we do. To understand more about our self and our externalRead MoreAnalysis Of Sonnet 116 By William Lynn1284 Words   |  6 Pagesas true love. In order words, my question goes like this, does love seem to be true in a literary context, is there any emotional bond that actually proves love to be pure according to psychological criticism of ‘’Texts and Context,’’ book by ‘’Steven Lynn.’’ And can we see love as honest and true, if we answered yes to all these, then how can we relate it to our personal lives and what is our own definition of true love or real love. According to my close reading analysis of Sonnet 116 by ShakespeareRead MoreInterview Analysis887 Words   |  4 PagesInterview Analysis Jessica Kennedy, Jennifer Torres, Rena Philpot Spalding University Interview Analysis For the interview section of the group project, I decided to interview a twenty-five year old woman who resides in the San Francisco bay area in California. Choosing to have her personal identity remain anonymous, the interviewee has granted us permission to refer to her as the alias Mary. Mary is currently married to a thirty year old man and has one nine year old son. Surprisingly,Read MoreRapper Lupe Fiasco And Vocalist Skylar Grey984 Words   |  4 PagesThe song I chose for this analysis is â€Å"words I never said† by rapper Lupe Fiasco and vocalist Skylar Grey. The song was recorded in late 2010 but was later released on February 8, 2011. It ranked 89th on the billboards 100 at the time of its released. It was not as high ranked as other songs in it genre but I served its purpose in my opinion. In some aspects it was infamous for its â€Å"out of the bod† views on the American president, foreign policy, etc. unfortunately this song hasn’t been includedRea d MoreAnalysis Of The Article Body Ritual Among The Veldt By Horace Miner Essay1084 Words   |  5 Pagesis not typical among american literature. He has a strategy of using words such as: Supplicant, Witch doctor, household shrine, etc in order to make us realize that we do have our own rituals. We as Americans hold a misconception that we are not as special as other countries which makes us percieve them to be weird because of their customs. Miner wants us to know that we are indeed different too which makes him use vocabulary words that we would not use versus the ones that we are used to in orderRead MoreMetrics Response and Social Media792 Words   |  3 PagesThe effectiveness of a company’s advertising through social media measured through the metrics scale, or more commonly known as the key aspects of social media advertising. I do believe that metrics matter in social media to an extent, but a large part of the effectiveness of social media is one that cannot be measured. With that I will try to explain the importance of metrics and their impacts on the system. . . . . . . . . Social media is a trend of advertising that is young and up and coming. Businesses

Atticus Rough Draft free essay sample

Tom was convicted of helping a young white woman. Most people would have passed up the opportunity to help someone but Tom tried to do the right thing and not cause trouble. Sometimes no matter what you do, some people are going to try and kill a mockingbird. Attics was a good lawyer and an even better father. There is a lot of ugly things in this world, son. I wish I could keep me all away from you. Thats never possible. Attics wanted to be a good dad and keep Gem and Scout away from the evil in the world.Sometimes you must admit defeat, and Attics knew that he could not keep it all away. Racism was too big to ignore in the small town of Macomb. Courage is not a man with a gun in his hand. Its knowing youre licked before you begin but you begin any. We will write a custom essay sample on Atticus Rough Draft or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Away and you see it through no matter what. You rarely win, but sometimes you do. Harper Lee, To Kill a Mockingbird. Attics never showed Gem and Scout how to shoot because he didnt want them to get a false sense Of courage. Attics wanted to make sure Gem and Scout knew better. Before can live with other folks Ive got to live with myself. (TAKE) This quote is significant because Attics always said that you never really knew a person until you walked around in their shoes. This ties directly into racism and the way Negroes were treated. What Attics meant that you should never judge a book by its cover. When Attics testified, he said that not all black people are immoral, and that was just stereotypical. There are some bad black people in the world, but there are also bad white people.Nobody is perfect and before you judge someone, you should try to consider their circumstances. Tom Robinson was a hard worker and was a lot more innocent that Bob, and Males. Although this is truer he was mistreated and was still taken to trial for simply trying to help. Tom was an innocent an taken away from his family because of something Males couldnt live with. Shoot all the blue jays you want, if you can hit me, but remember its a sin to kill a mockingbird. (TAKE) This is important because its about a lot more than just birds.It was a sin to kill an innocent being, such as a mockingbird, but it was also a sin to what happened to Tom. It is a sin because similar to a mockingbird, all Tom did was help Males. He never disturbed anyone and usually stayed to himself. Mocking birds help people by making music and they stay out of peoples way too. You rarely win, but sometimes you Attics means that you dont always win but as long as you give it your best, thats all you can do. In the trial, Attics testified and presented all the evidence as well as he knew how.

Twitter Etiquette The Dos and Donts

TWITTER ETIQUETTE: THE DOS AND DONTS If you read my previous post, you know what’s in store for you now. As promised, I’ve put together a general list of guidelines for Twittering. These dos and don’ts are by no means comprehensive and, depending on who you talk to, all of these rules were made to be broken by braver Twitterers. For a fun read about rogue Twittering, read Scobleizer.com’s post, The 10 Rules of Twitter (and how I break every one). Do: †¢ Ask questions of your followers. †¢ Update often – Twitter followers have short attention spans. †¢ Use proper grammar. †¢ Post interesting articles, links, photos, videos, articles – anything your followers might be interested in. †¢ Try to follow a â€Å"theme† if you like. Maybe your Twitter account focuses exclusively on daily deals at your store, or the hottest hairstyles of the season. If your Twitter profile is business-oriented, don’t post personal items like â€Å"I’m walking the dog with my hubby!† Don’t: †¢ Overload your followers – limit yourself to 5 posts per day. †¢ Break up your posts. You get 140 characters. Any longer than that, and you probably should reconsider whether you should put your information on Twitter. †¢ Steal stuff from other readers. There’s a proper form for â€Å"re-tweeting,† and you always need to include the name of the original poster. For instance, if I’m re-tweeting a link, I would say something like â€Å"RT @username – love this link! www.link.com.† Always use the letters â€Å"RT† and then the correct user’s name, complete with the @ symbol. †¢ Put up personal information, or information about private events on your Twitter profile. Remember, Twitter is public, and anyone can re-tweet you. †¢ Spam! Spamming is a major no-no, you’ll find that your followers quickly drop by the wayside. Here’s a bonus for you: If you’re just getting started on Twitter, be sure to register your username on WeFollow, a directory of Twitter users. WeFollow makes it easy for other people to search for Twitter accounts that interest them – you just might find that you’ll pick up a few followers through WeFollow. And as always, we welcome any questions (and alternative views) – so let us know what you think about all this Twitter stuff.

30 Baseball Idioms

30 Baseball Idioms 30 Baseball Idioms 30 Baseball Idioms By Mark Nichol The sport nostalgically known as â€Å"America’s Pastime† (though football now reigns supreme) is the source of many evocative idioms whose meanings now extend beyond the baseball diamond. Here are thirty of those phrases and their meanings when used past the warning track. 1. ballpark figure: a rough estimate 2. bat a thousand: a reference to a continuing series of successes, alluding to a baseball player who gets on base every time at bat 3. box score: a count or summary (from the chart on which a games statistical details are recorded; applicable to various sports but originating in reference to baseball) 4. bush league: a sports organization subordinate to the major leagues (referring to the usually rural locations of such teams; can apply to any sport but originated in reference to baseball) 5. curve ball: something unexpected (from the unpredictable trajectory of that type of baseball pitch) 6. go to bat for: support (from the notion of a batter contributing to his team) 7–8. hit a home run/hit one out of the park: be successful 9. in the ballpark: close; said of an estimate (compared to being within the confines of a stadium) 10–11. it’s a whole new ball game/different ball game: a reference to a changed situation 12. keep (one’s) eyes on the ball: maintain focus (compared to a batter concentrating on a pitch) 13. major league: significant, as in a reference to a company that is one of the leaders in its industry or line of business (from the fact that the major leagues are the pinnacle of achievement in sports) 14. off base: wrong, or on the wrong track (from the notion of a player not being in contact with one of the bases) 15. on deck: next in line (from the location designated for the next batter to await his turn) 16. out in left field: said of a person with an eccentric or unusual idea (from the idea of left field being a distant location) 17. out of (one’s) league: said of one who is trying to succeed in an area in which he or she faces superior competition or is striving to achieve too much (originally from baseball but applicable to many sports) 18. (hit it) out of the park: succeed (comparing a success to a home run) 19. pinch hitter: substitute (from the designation of a player taking another’s place at bat) 20. play ball: cooperate 21. play hardball: act aggressively (from the density of a baseball as compared to a softball) 22. rain check: a promise to make good on an offer (from tickets offered for rescheduled sporting events postponed by rain; originated in baseball but applicable to any outdoor sport or event) 23. softball: an easy, noncontroversial question 24. step up to the plate: take responsibility (compared to a player taking his turn at bat) 25. strike out: fail, especially repeatedly 26. strikes against (one): said of more than one disadvantage or mistake a person has against him or her 27. swing for the fences: perform with great effort or intensity (as compared to a baseball player trying to hit a home run) 28. three strikes and you’re out: a reference to someone being given three chances to succeed (analogous to the three strikes a hitter is allowed before being called out) 29. throw (one) a curve: surprise someone with something unexpected or not expected as presented (as compared to a curveball) 30. touch base: contact (compared to a player landing a foot on a base) Video Version Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Incorrect Pronunciations That You Should AvoidExpanded and Extended20 Ways to Cry

Hormonal Replacement Therapy essays

Hormonal Replacement Therapy essays HRT 2 Hormone replacement therapy (natural and synthetic) restores declining hormonal levels associated with menopause. This helps alleviate many discomforts associated with menopause and allows the body to continue to receive the beneficial effects hormones have against cardiovascular disease, but do the risks weigh out the benefits. Before understanding the benefits for hormone replacement, it is needed to first understand the hormonal changes that occur during menopause. Menopause is a natural stage in life that occurs when a woman stops having menstrual cycles. However, menopausal symptoms and irregular menstrual cycles can begin to occur 5-10 years before menopause as the ovaries gradually stop producing eggs and there is a progressive decline in hormone production. This time period of change is called pre-menopause. When entering the early stages of menopause, the question of hormone replacement therapy arises. The two female hormones, estrogen and progesterone is certainly the most widely prescribed therapies utilized by physicians for the relief of menopausal symptoms and the prevention of certain hormone-related conditions of aging. Estrogen is not one hormone, but a group of similar hormones of varying degrees of activities, all produced in the ovaries. Estrogen is secreted by the ovaries throughout a womans reproductive years and is the female hormone responsible for ovulation. Estrogen plays an important role in a womans life from the time she enters puberty until the end of her last menstrual period. Not only does estrogen have beneficial effects on cholesterol and lipid levels but it also contributes to the strengthening of bones and the mental well-being of women. ...

Response to teacher- changes in attitudes towards sex Essay

Response to teacher- changes in attitudes towards sex - Essay Example As a result of the growing influence of media on the society, American family system has been affected in a variety of negative ways. The collective effect of changing attitudes toward sex has been of weakening the family as the building block of the society. American society is becoming increasingly approving of the gay rights. Unlike the past, when homosexual tendency was considered as an abnormal behavior, homosexuality is being increasingly approved of and is being given similar status to heterosexuality. A positive effect of these changing attitudes toward sex is that sex education today has become more of a need than a choice. More people can be educated on the risks of unhealthy sexual behaviors. A negative effect, however, is that more educated people advocate in favor of abortion associating it with women’s liberty and freedom, thus increasing the rate of abortions in the country (Aulette, 2010). Overall, circumstances have become conducive for increase in the premari tal sex amongst

Studies on Photosynthesis Using the Hill Reaction Report Lab

Studies on Photosynthesis Using the Hill Reaction - Lab Report Example The primary ‘light reaction’ stage requires light and involves the excitation of electrons of the chlorophyll. These electrons then proceed along a series of electron carriers embedded in the thylakoid of the chloroplast resulting in synthesis of ATP in the stroma and the reduction of NADP. The dark reactions of photosynthesis do not directly require light involve the use of ATP and NADPH formed during the light reaction (figure 1) (Berg et al., 553). Hill reaction named after its discoverer Robert Hill (1937) involves the photoreduction of an electron acceptor by the hydrogen atoms of water, along with evolution of oxygen. In laboratory, Hill reaction is demonstrated when isolated and illuminated ‘chloroplasts’ reduce an electron acceptor present with it, and release molecular oxygen: The electron acceptors used in laboratory conditions are not the natural electron acceptors or NADP but instead are artificial electron acceptors (Walker, 109). These artificial electron acceptors intercept the electrons before they reach PS1700. Further they are generally dyes that change color when reduced e.g. DCIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol). Thus Hill reaction can be written as: Thus using the above equation, rate of Hill reaction in isolated protoplasts can be experimentally estimated. The change in absorbance of the dye at 600nm measured under varied conditions of experiment gives the rate of Hill reaction occurring under the preselected set of conditions. Several of the detergents are also known to be inhibitors of photosynthesis such as DCMU [3-(3, 4-dichlorophenyl)-1, 1-dimethylurea], DNP [dinitrophenol] and triton-X etc. Chloroplast was extracted from deveined, washed and blot dried fresh baby spinach leaves. The standard fractionation protocol for extraction of chloroplasts was followed. 50g spinach leaves were homogenized in a pre-chilled blender jar along with buffered isotonic salt solution and antioxidant solution. The homogenate was

Ethical Observations Essay Example for Free

Ethical Observations Essay Unethical accounting behavior and the resulting practices of it within businesses today is a very hot topic since the Enron accounting scandal of 2001. One might ask how does a scandal of this proportion come to be and can it happen again? What situations could lead to unethical behaviors and practices in accounting today that might cause history to repeat itself? The author intends to answer these questions and shed light on some insight of accounting ethics today. By the end of 2001 investors and the public needed something to restore confidence in the way businesses handled accounting and reporting practices. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act was passed into law in July 2002 with the intent of protecting investors by improving financial reporting accuracy and reliability as a result. Ideally, fraud will be prevented through SOX by increased internal controls and greater transparency in accounting practices. The theory is based on the logic that managers who engage in fraudulent activity will be discovered and punished by fines or imprisonment. This theory has mixed reviews as of today. Some argue that SOX does not do enough to prevent managers from manipulating earnings or hiding assets. Others maintain that SOX has improved the level of ethics awareness and concern from what it was in 2001. Most will agree, however, that the law is a step in the right direction and that ethics is a major concern and becoming a more discussed topic of top management in larger corporations today. One might consider why more firms do not have ethics codes or policies in place to prevent the conduct described when in fact Enron did have an ethics code supposedly based on respect, integrity, and communication. One of the problems was that of leadership failure and The point is that an ethical culture must be maintained within an organization at the corporate level and fostered with each new employee from the top down. Although a situation such as Enron’s is not as likely to happen the same way again, when management places extreme emphasis on earnings and promotes activities that might cause earnings to appear inflated, possibilities exist for an unethical situation to occur. (Conroy Emerson, 2006) When a corporation’s culture supports risk taking without regard for consequences, and it uses employee performance appraisals to undermine their position, there is the likelihood that unethical accounting practices will be needed to cover up such activity. Additionally, as with Enron’s case, internal controls were weak or simply not present at all to maintain good accounting as with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) while divisional business units were kept in the dark from noticing what was going on in the overall sense of the scheme. When looking at how important it is to identify unethical behavior in accounting, consider the recent U.S. Housing Market collapse of 2008. Simple mistakes in identifying financial fraud caused some mortgage companies to be over-valued in return allowing investors to lose billions. (BBC News Business, 2011) Unfortunately, in some cases, employees that bring unethical behavior to managements’ attention, risk criticism or worse job loss if deemed a whistle blower. Past cases have indicated that there may be no incentive from management to bring attention to questionable accounting practices in this way. Without managements support and leadership to instill good ethical culture within the workplace, it will be difficult to see positive changes in the future. In conclusion, a greater emphasis on accounting ethics is being seen since the days of the Enron scandal. Ethics is being taught at schools and universities with goals in mind to recognize when situations occur that may be questionable. Ways of dealing with accounting uncertainties and ethical dilemmas are being taught with a sense of moral obligation instilled. New accounting students are developing the abilities to deal with moral issues that relate to accounting and auditing practices. Most business leaders will agree that the improved regulations provided by SOX have made an impact and caused firms throughout the U.S. to review their own accounting practices and at least attempt to comply. References Bannon, S., Ford, K., Meltzer, L. (2010). How to instill a strong ethical culture. The CPA Journal, 80(7), 56-58. http://search.proquest.com/docview/637267174?accountid=35812 BBC News Business. (September 26, 2011). Deloitte Touche sued for $7.6bn in mortgage fraud case. Retrieved from http://bbc.co.uk/news/business-15069976 BBC. (May 17, 2003). The Enron Affair. Retrieved from http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/in_depth/business/2002/enron/default.stm Conroy, S. J., Emerson, T. N. (2006). Changing Ethical Attitudes: The Case of the Enron and ImClone Scandals. Social Science Quarterly, 87(2), 395-410. Liu, C., David, Y. (2011). An Analysis of the Impact of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act on Earnings Management. Advances In Management, 4(6), 25-31.

One Flew Over The Cuckoos Nest :: book review, mental illness

Randall Patrick McMurphy is introduced by asking, "Do I look like a sane man?" Surprisingly enough, the answer was yes; in fact, McMurphy's sanity takes the ward by storm. None of the patients have met anyone like him. The other patients seem timid and quiet, yet McMurphy is cocky, loud, and confident. He doesn't seem to belong in the hospital at all. Everything about McMurphy marked a sane, logical, and capable man. You could tell that he was a hard working man, and even Dr. Spivey suspected a misdiagnosis, but nevertheless McMurphy was in for an experience of a lifetime. Nurse Ratched and her new patient, McMurphy, are in every way opposed to each other, she demanding control, he basking in freedom and independence. Inevitably, as the Nurse asserts her power, McMurphy rebels against it in both intentional and unintentional ways. Nurse Ratched had defeated past troublemakers with electro-shock therapy, or with lobotomies, the latter an operation that makes patients docile members of society at the expense of their individuality. McMurphy was asking for more and more freedom and awakening the other patients to things they have been missing. Nurse Ratched was intent on quelling this disturbance before it became a major issue. The climax is building when McMurphy comes back from electro-shock therapy and the rest of the ward is planning his escape. The two prostitutes Sandy and Candy arrive in the ward, and there is a wild party. This is where everything turns to chaos. McMurphy attacks Nurse Ratched, but he is immediately restrained and will never know of the hope he gave Chief. Chief believed that McMurphy made him â€Å"big† enough to finally lift the control panel that he throws through a window to escape. The resolution was fitting to the events of the novel, but it came rather quickly. It seemed as though there was the party, Billy Bibbit committed suicide, and McMurphy was lobotomized in just a few pages.

Advertising in Sport Everywhere You Look Essay

Advertising in sport everywhere you look Pure and simple. My brother loves the game of hockey. He doesn’t care about all the media and advertising surrounding the game, he just simply loves the sport. Tonight he’s going to a New Jersey Devils hockey game purely for the love of the game. He’s going to wear his Reebok, New Jersey Devils jersey and go to the Prudential Center to see the game. The Prudential Center is located near the new Red Bull Park and not far from the Izod Center, which until recently, was known as Continental Airlines Arena. As usual, he’ll park his car in the Ford Lincoln Mercury Parking Lot and proceed past the Verizon Tower to get to the PNC Bank Tower. He’ll proceed up the elevator past Lincoln Mercury Level 1 and give his Ticketmaster ticket to the attendant. He will then meet his friends near the Bud Light Goal Bar. Because he’s not 21 years old yet, he won’t be able to take advantage of the bar experience, but he’s sure to be thinking about the enticement at the entrance which reads â€Å"The red light is on! Time to hit the Bud Light Goal Bar. Occupying an expansive area on the north end of Prudential Center on Lincoln Mercury Suite Level One, the Bud Light Goal Bar offers fans a hip, modern bar atmosphere overlooking the ice. The Bud Light Goal Bar features dozens of flat screen televisions, so while you and your guests enjoy a cold one, you are guaranteed to see all the action. † Next, he will take the elevator up one flight to the Ford Level 2 seating area and buy a program before he gets settled into his seat. If he’s thirsty, he can buy a drink that comes in a Coca Cola cup, even if it’s not Coca Cola. The game will begin soon after the TV advertising time is done. As he waits, he will probably remove his NHL hat and peruse the Devils program to check the team’s statistics and information. Or, he can read about the best investment bank to use, or where to trade stocks for a bargain price. He’ll find out where his favorite team’s apparel can be purchased or what the official mouthwash of the New Jersey Devils is. There are many other events that are coming to the Prudential Arena so maybe he will think about attending one of them. So much to think about before game time arrives. As the game begins, all focus will be on the game itself, if he can manage to not be distracted by the lighted advertisements that continuously change to hock a variety of goods and services. After all, he is only there to watch the game. As to not be confused about who is winning the game, he can look up at the PSE&G scoreboard to know who just scored a goal and what the game score is. I’m sure it will be an exciting night for him, because, purely and simply, he just loves hockey. Relationship between Sports and Media â€Å"Sport and mass media share a very symbolic relationship in American society. On one hand, the staggering popularity of sport is due, to no small extent, to the enormous amount of attention provided it by the mass media. On the other hand, the media are able to generate enormous sales in both circulation and advertising based upon their extensive treatment of sport. † The amount of advertising in sport has become very extreme. In almost every aspect of a sport you can find some form of advertising or media being exposed. The players, the coaches, the memorabilia stores, the stadiums, the teams and especially the commercials during televised games, all include media or advertising in some way. Athletes and Advertising As the saying goes, â€Å"If the shoe fits, wear it†, especially if you’re being paid to wear it. Many all star athletes are given opportunities for endorsements. Popular athletes in advertisements can make a product more attractive to sports fans. Although it is effective to use athletes to promote products, sometimes it becomes a little excessive. Instead of advertising for a couple of products, athletes today are spokespeople for numerous companies. Peyton Manning, the star quarterback of the Indianapolis Colts is said to be the NFL’s, â€Å"Most Marketable Player. † He is currently associated with over seven different products including Gatorade, Reebok, Sprint, and DirecTV. By participating in all these advertisements, it makes it visible that he is doing these ads just for the money. In cases like this, an athlete can be involved with too much advertising and become overexposed. Another case of athletes being overly concerned with dollars is that of Michael Jordan. In 1992, Jordan participated in the Olympics as part of the United States Basketball â€Å"Dream Team† and won an Olympic gold medal. When he learned that on the gold-medal stand he would be expected to wear the official red, white and blue United States warm-up suits with the Reebok logo, he threatened not to appear at the ceremony. â€Å"I don’t believe in endorsing my competition,† Jordan said. â€Å"I feel very strongly about loyalty to my own company. In saying this, it seemed as if his loyalty to his country didn’t matter to him as much as his loyalty to his brand. In the end, the United States Olympic Committee came up with a compromise that said basically anyone who has a personal corporate sponsor who objects to the team sponsor’s name showing on the United States Olympic uniform has the right to obscure what he does not want to show. In this case it wa s the Reebok logo. Television Advertising The Superbowl is known as one of the biggest and most watched events in all of sports. The crowning of the World Champions of football has an enormous audience. In addition to the game, we get to be entertained by the half time show and wait for the cleverly scripted television commercials. The Superbowl is known for its elaborate advertising. Every year, people look forward to seeing the creative new commercials being broadcasted during the football game. For companies to broadcast in a thirty second time block during the event, they must pay nearly two million dollars. In the past, television commercials were a time to leave the room for a quick break from watching the game but now they have evolved into an advertising extravaganza. In the case of the Superbowl, the NFL almost makes more money from advertising then they do for simply broadcasting the game. Advertising on Uniforms The sport with sponsor advertising being the most prevalent on team jerseys is soccer. If you turn on the Fox Soccer Channel to watch the English Premier league you might notice that a large majority of the teams uniforms have a sponsor’s name posted across the front of the jerseys. For example, the 2008 Barclay Premier champions, Manchester United, wore red Nike jerseys with their sponsor’s name (AIG) written across the chest. When soccer fans buy replica jerseys such as Manchester United’s they become part of the advertising scheme. Sponsors believe that the more jerseys sold, the more their name is out for the public to see. Therefore, the sponsor’s goal is to place their logo everywhere possible to expand the popularity of their company. Conclusion In conclusion, to answer the question posed, â€Å"Is sports based media and advertising excessive? †, the answer would have to be â€Å"yes. † Advertising isn’t as simple as the old song, â€Å"Take me out to the ballgame† suggests. When we heard the lyrics, â€Å"Buy me some peanuts and Cracker Jacks† we thought about the experience of being at a ballgame and enjoying the day while munching on some ballpark staples. In today’s advertising environment, we would have to sing the song with some updated lyrics. It won’t be easy to sing â€Å"Take me out to the ballgame, take me out to the crowd. Buy me some peanuts and Cracker Jacks.

Children Begin by Loving Their Parents

Despite my father's aching back, at the age of 45 or so, he played wit me and lifted me up in the air on many occasions. He was so proud since I had grown an inch taller. It has been 11 years now since my mother had died. Both my parents had been involved in an accident, unfortunately my mothers injuries were too severe and there was nothing the doctors could do. I blamed my father for the death of my mother since he had been under the influence of alcohol while the accident had taken place. I had Jus turned 16 that year, and was influenced by my friends to run away from home.My arenas were extremely worried about me. It was while they were looking for me when they had met with an accident. I knew then, as I know now, that I helped drive father to drinking. I will never forgive myself for that. What was a problem we might have resolved exploded, and home was never home again. He could not be the same father to me anymore. He became angry and aggressive since the death of my mother. W e both blamed each other for her death. If I never had ran away from home and If he had never been under the Influence of alcohol while driving, my mother would have still been alive.In my mind my father Is still the vibrant, witty and a private man that raised me, the man so steadfast In his love and devotion for my mother that I have never once heard a complaint or regret over their life together. A man who did whatever, anything, he could do for me. I know my father has many faults, faults that have sliced me In hidden places. My father has consumed alcohol various times. He has not always been the best father and has not always treated me well. But grief shows Itself In many forms. What we have been to each other are companions on a road I wish on no one.

French Expressions Using Tenir

French Expressions Using Tenir The French verb tenir literally means to hold, keep, or grasp and is also used in many idiomatic expressions. Learn how to keep in mind, have on good authority, keep an eye on someone, and more with this list of expressions with tenir. Examples of Expressions With Tenir tenir infinitive- to be anxious totenir ce que subjunctive- to be anxious thattenir quelque chose- to cherish somethingtenir bon- to hold ones groundtenir compagnie quelquun- to keep someone companytenir compte de- to keep in mind, to take into accounttenir debout (figuratively)- to hold watertenir de bonne source- to have on good authoritytenir de quelquun- to take after someonetenir le bon bout- to be on the right tracktenir le coup- to hold out, to make it throughtenir rigueur quelquun de ne pas- to hold it against someone for nottenir quelquun loeil- to keep an eye on someonetenir quelquun/quelque chose pour- to regard someone/something asen tenir pour quelquun- to fancy/have a crush on someoneil tient que- it depends onQu cela ne tienne.- Thats no problem.tenez votre gauche/droite- to keep to the left/rightTiens !- Hey there! or Take this.se tenir adjective- to behavese tenir quelque chose- to hold onto somethingse tenir au courant de quelque chose- to keep informed ab out something se tenir les cà ´tes- to split ones sides laughingUn tiens vaut mieux que deux tu lauras.- A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.

Internet Application in Marriotts Value Chain essays

Internet Application in Marriotts Value Chain essays In order to compete with the ongoing competition and cope with the present trend in the hotel industry, Marriott has integrated internet technology into their value chains. For instance, more and more people are making travel arrangements over the net; therefore Marriot needs to have a website to capture this market. In addition, most hotels have extended their sales channels through their websites. After careful examination of Marriotts website, www.marriott.com, it was discovered that internet technology has been applied on the following activities: Primary activities marketing Secondary activities firm infrastructure and human resource management. Furthermore, on all the activities included in Marriotts value chain, it is in marketing and selling that the internet has been applied thoroughly. Marriott has an excellent online product catalog, with an ample description for each product and its availability during the time of screening. The products are also categorized to help the client choose easily among the numerous products it offers. Furthermore, each product is associated with a certain keyword for search purposes. For instance, the Disneyland package is associated with family keyword so if ever someone searched the product catalog for family, this Disneyland package would show on search result. Another example is the hotel listings. After one has chosen from the given options on the search engine, the search result would provide a listing of the hotels that matches his preferences. The internet has also been applied to the outbound logistics of Marriott. Aside from viewing the Marriotts products online, one can make a booking of a room, function room, or packages on the website as well. In addition, the client could choose from the given options and/or request for specific preference. For instance, a client could choose the bed type and location of th ...

Business Proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Business Proposal - Essay Example We are well geared to meet the Safety and Liability requirements mentioned under Service Expectations and Freight Characteristics. We currently have a company policy manual, a copy of which has already been provided to Plymouth Weyerhaeuser. This covers all safety aspects that are expected by Plymouth Weyerhaeuser. The final copy is under revision and will be printed and distributed among our employees. The following requirements mentioned in the RFP will be met: 1. We will have a satisfactory DOT rating or a plan to get there conditional rating back within an agreed upon time frame. Copy of satisfactory rating certificate attached in bid package response. 2. We have a formal safety program and provide documentation indicating safety program content and that administration of such program is regular, ongoing and participated in by all on site personnel. 3. All yard trucks DOT certified which includes passing an annual DOT inspection. 4. Insurance Requirements of $100,000 product liability, $2 million general liability will be met with Weyerhaeuser named as additional insured. Insurance provider will have a B+ rating or higher. 5. Workers Compensation coverage for drivers and on-site persons ($500,000 minimum per accident).

The Outcome of Organized Efforts of Workers in the Lowell and Triangle Case Study

The Outcome of Organized Efforts of Workers in the Lowell and Triangle Factories in the 19th century - Case Study Example The Lowell Factory is located beside the Pawtucket Falls. It is in Massachusetts, which is but one of America’s early and vital industrial cities. Just like the Triangle Factory, the Lowell Factory also majored in textile production.The conditions of Lowell’s factory were far from the modern American standards back at the time. The workers worked from 5:00 am to 7:00 pm amounting to an average of 73 hours per week. The working conditions were extremely uncomfortable with 80 people in a room, which was hot and the windows remained closed even during the summer.   The air in the rooms was filled with small elements of fabric and fiber.The machines made a noise that was not comfortable for the human ear. Although the visitors of the company were persuaded that the factory had perfect working conditions, the workers were always complaining because of draining work, which was termed as unsympathetic to the cerebral maturity. In terms of the living quarters, only women got an opportunity to secure a chance to a boarding house. The houses were congested with an average of six women sharing a sleeping room.On the other hand, the Triangle Factory also had poor working conditions. The workers, who were mostly women, were subjected to utter exploitation and little pay since they were immigrants and were desperately in need of a job.In Lowell’s Factory, in February 1834, the Board of Directors appealed to the managers of the factory to reduce the wages of the workers. This plus the previous factors agitated the women who organized for a strike. The strike did not work and the conditions worsened. They organized another which was successful leading to the reduction of house rent.   In 1845, the Lowell Female Labor Reform Association was started. The association was entirely led by the women who designated their own leaders and piloted their meetings.   They positioned other branches of the same kind in other mill towns. They also invited men in th eir meetings who were asked to treat the women as their equals.

Self-Reflection and Self-Allocation of Grade Essay

Self-Reflection and Self-Allocation of Grade - Essay Example This paper includes personal reflection and critical analysis of the submissions in this course. 2. Best Effort among the Submissions I believe that abstract writing and peer reviews can be considered as the best reflections of my research and writing capabilities. These writing tasks bore great outcomes and came up to my personal benchmarks of quality writing. I have written abstracts before but this challenge was met with the personal inclination to research about the techniques that can be used to write comprehensive abstracts. As a result, I was able to organize my abstract into three main parts; introduction, problem statement and solution of the research problem. The abstract also included few lines discussing the purpose of the paper that makes the reader understand the relevance and theme of the research study. Due to the adoption of an organized process, I was able to focus on the quality of the writing rather than worrying about the type of content that needed to be include d. Conducting a peer review was a commendable experience since I learned the art of performing critical analysis of academic writing and got the opportunity to study the work of researchers in the respective domain at a detailed level. The first paper included useful information regarding the implementation of information incident management program; the steps for the program were explained and critically analyzed for the strengths and weaknesses of the content. The techniques to conduct a peer review were studied for the process that reflected in the paper and gave it a professional look. Similarly, the second peer review was also conducted on the same lines that proved to refine the practice of critical analysis. The second paper was based on the challenges that are faced during the implementation of information security management. Both the peer reviews were concluded with useful recommendations that can facilitate improvement of the paper; such recommendations bear great relevan ce in the process of conducting peer reviews. However, one factor that has been missed out from the peer reviews is that of the mention of the authors’ details and the place where this paper was presented. 3. Most Challenging Submission The article writing proved to be the most challenging and difficult submission in the course. The topic of my research was â€Å"The Relation between IM, Information Security and HRM†; all the three aspects of this chosen domain involve extensive research since numerous papers and literature are available for each one of them. The excessive nature of the available literature made me lose focus at few instances during the research process and made me include information that could not prove to be highly relevant for the research topic. The inclusion of too much information proved to make the paper generic in nature to a certain extent rather than focusing on the link of information systems, information security management practices and h uman resource management practices. Meeting the word limit (i.e. 3000 words) of the paper also proved to be a challenge that led to the compromise of the quality of the content. Referencing is an important part of any academic writing process. The article lacked effect usage of in-text referencing at some places. I failed to adopt a critical analytical approach during some steps of the research study, instead ended up producing descriptive details about

Emily Dickinsons Success is Counted Sweetest Essay Example for Free

Emily Dickinsons Success is Counted Sweetest Essay Emily Dickinsons Success is Counted Sweetest has been penned in iambic trimeter with the exception of the first two lines of the second stanza. The poem highlights aphoristic truths that are universal. In the first stanza, Emily Dickinson endeavors to define the true essence of success. The general impression is that success can be counted by only those who have experienced it numerous times. Nevertheless, it is more precisely evaluated or counted by those who have never succeeded as they can apprehend its true value. In another poem, I Had Been Hungry, All the Years, Emily Dickinson writes that Hunger-was a way / Of Persons outside Windows- / The Entering-takes away-. For the true experience of life, failures are inevitable. For, what we learn from our failures, success can never teach us. The alliteration with the repetition of the s sound lays emphasis on success. Success also tastes sweeter to the person who has persevered very hard for it, than to a person who has found success effortlessly. The former is also more thankful to God, and cherishes his accomplishment. The word nectar here implies water. However, it is perception that renders it nectar. To the thirsty ones with parched throats, a drop of water tastes as sweet as nectar. Here sorest is utilized with reference to its old meaning ,that is greatest.Only the one in the direst need, can treasure any sort of sanction. Not one of all the purple host Who took the flag to-day Can tell the definition, So clear, of victory! Some people define success by virtue of positions that they acquire and assume in life. The poetess asserts how none of the purple leaders who took the flag to-day could describe what victory actually meant. The act of victory in such a stance of winning a battle is limited to the act of taking away a flag. It also points to the worldly act of hoisting a flag. Arundhati Roy in The End of Imagination toys with the word successful.She echoes how the meaning of the word successful depends upon perception. For instance,a soldier who dies at war is deemed by others to be unsuccessful.Roy points out that it does not necassarily mean that the soldier is in any way unfulfilled. The poetess highlights the word to-day to underline the presentness and transiency of the situation. Purple is the colour of royalty because the fine clothes/robes of kings and emperors were dyed purple; and also connotes blood. It was the trend that dynasties ruled over some countries .Being born to a royal family, one could never realize how difficult it was to achieve that position as it naturally came to them as a heirloom .Shakespeare said: Some are born great, some achieve greatness, and some have greatness thrust upon em. (Twelfth Night Quote Act ii. Scene 5.)Of these,only those who achieve it comprehend its worth according to Dickinson. As he, defeated, dying, On whose forbidden ear The distant strains of triumph Burst agonized and clear! In the above lines, the poetess exemplifies the frenzy of success, that one loses consciousness in. He loses the ability to evaluate himself objectively. In such a context, the person who loses the battle and is dying can perceive it better. The dying mans ears are not forbidden. The figure of speech utilized here is a transferred epithet .Rather what is forbidden to his ears is the sound of success, as he belonged to the defeated side. He is successful in that he can realize the futility of war, and the meaningless of success as the speaker in Wilfred Owens Strange Meeting does. The word strain in strains of triumphs may be used as a pun in the above phrase. Here,the victory may also be strained. The idea of distance and defeat is suggested by the alliteration of the d sound. Moreover, the one who is caught in the noise and fury of success cannot ,in fact hear its sound. The one who serenely lies away can perceive it better. It does not manifest itself subtly, but does Burst agonized and clear! Rukhaya, M. (2012, October 07). Poetry analysis: Emily dickinsons success is counted sweetest. Retrieved from http://voices.yahoo.com/poetry-analysis-emily-dickinsons-success-counted-

Human Rights Violations :: Human Rights Essays

Human Rights Violations in Afghanistan Since the departure of the Soviets from Afghanistan basic human rights of the Afghanistanis have not just been trampled on but summarily done away with. After the widespread destruction of the power struggle, the ruling party, the Taliban, have committed atrocities against the people of Afghanistan that few would believe still exist in the world today. Especially targeted are the Shiite minority and the women of Afghanistan. Despite every effort of the Taliban to limit reporters and documentation of the crimes being committed, there is tremendous information being made public worldwide. The violations present a unique situation in the world and command reaction from the world at large. http://www.tabloid.net/1999/01/21/taliban_990121.html : Tabloid news services - Kabul, Afghanistan What has become norm these to Afghanis are straight out of a horror movie for most of the civilized world. The Taliban regime has enacted their own form of justice under the banner of Islam. This news piece from the capital tells of a typical day of sentencing, severed hands and feet of thieves hanging in the busiest part of the town to serve as a warning to others. One of the most unique punishments is for the sodomists. The presumed guilty stands in front of a wall, which is bulldozed on him while a crowd watches. **http://my.rawa.org/rawa.html Rawa, the Revolutionary Association of the Women of Afghanistan, was started under the Soviet rule. These women campaigned against the atrocities of the Soviets and brought to public view their heinous crimes. Since their departure this group has enlarged its scope to include resistance to the fundamentalists as well as the mistreatment of the women and girls of Afghanistan. The Taliban have been especially cruel towards women since they believe women should not be allowed to work or go to school. Women and girl who still pursue these goals are frequently stopped by the morality police and beaten or worse. The Rawa org. is doing an incredible job exposing these violation under their harsh circumstances. http://www.rawa.org/herat-p.htm In May of 1999, the Taliban suppressed a coup by the Iran backed Hezb-e-Wahdat(shiite group). After the confrontation, they thought it would be prudent to seek out all of the Hazaras Shiite minority living in Herat. The Taliban went on an armed house-to-house search of the entire town.

The Aeneid and the Glory of Rome

Between 43 and 32 BC Rome was split up through the second triumvirate upon the death of Caesar. The triumvirate was a way to split the military and political power because the senate feared that they would once again fall under a dictatorship, which is the ultimate reason Julius Caesar was murdered. Civil war broke out in Rome between the Octavian and Mark Antony, but Antony was defeated in 31 BC in the battle at Actium (Joe). Octavian, later renaming himself Augustus, was the emperor in Rome, a city with a new beginning. With his new power Augustus reorganized the military and political power. He also began to design a program to create buildings like those in Athens (Joe). Perhaps his most notable achievement was commissioning Virgil to write, The Aeneid. Virgil, born October 19 in 70 BC, was and still is regarded as the best poet in Rome (â€Å"Virgil†). As a citizen in Rome Virgil felt a sense of relief when the civil war had ended and like the rest of Rome was extremely grateful to Augustus for making this possible. Augustus wanted to return Rome to their previous traditions and remind the republic of their moral values that were once highly regarded. These values included bravery, family devotion, duty, and responsibility. Virgil wanted to model his epic poem after those that were so famous in Greek literature, The Iliad and The Odyssey and also present Aeneas as the ideal Roman citizen (â€Å"Virgil†). In his epic poem Virgil tells the story of Aeneas and his journey from Troy to Italy, where he was destined to found Rome (Sparknote Editors). The glorification of Rome is shown throughout the story of Aeneas. Virgil begins his story introducing Aeneas and exemplifying the moral value of duty when he says, â€Å"I sing of warfare and a man at war. From the sea-coast of Troy in early days He came to Italy by destiny, To our Lavinian western shore, A fugitive, this captain, buffeted Till he could found a city and bring home His gods to Laetium, land of the Latin race, The Alban lords, and the high walls of Rome. Tell me the causes now, O Muse, how galled†¦ To undergo so many perilous days and enter on so many trials. Can anger black as this prey on the minds of heaven (Virgil 930)? † These lines discuss his journey that is his destiny. Virgil’s usage of the phrases â€Å"bring home† and â€Å"his gods† are representative of Aeneas’ duty and responsibility to Rome and the Roman Gods. â€Å"To undergo so many perilous days and enter on so many trials,† shows how Aeneus will make this journey no matter how hard it may be. Another moral displayed in The Aeneid is family devotion and duty. In book two Virgil describes Aeneas’s departure from Troy with his father on his back, â€Å"Did you suppose, my father, That I could tear myself away and leave you? Unthinkable; how could a father say it? Now if it pleases the powers about that nothing. Stand of this great city; if your heart Is set on adding your own death and ours To that of Troy, the door’s wide open for it. † This quote shows how dutiful Aeneas is to his father Anchises because he would not leave his father and would do anything to get him to safety. An example that is a little more extreme in promoting the glory of Rome comes in book IV when Virgil writes, â€Å"Roman, remember by your strength to rule Earth’s peoples—for your arts are to be these: To pacify, to impose the rule of law, To spare the conquered, battle down the proud† (Virgil ). This is from the speech that Anchises gives Aeneas and Virgil uses this as a way to voice the values that he thinks Rome should stand on. The speech can be labeled as propaganda and is one of the first clear examples of propaganda in the epic poem. Another clear example of propaganda comes in Book IIV when Vulcan makes the shield of Aeneas. On this shield is a scene of the Battle at Actium and Augustus is depicted conquering Cleopatra. This leaves the impression on readers that Augustus was the clear victor in the battle and his ideals and rule shall be the one that Rome follows. To understand if The Aeneid is written as propaganda you first need to recognize what propaganda is. As listed in the Merriam-Webster dictionary propaganda is, â€Å"ideas, facts, or allegations spread deliberately to further one's cause or to damage an opposing cause. † Following this definition the author of this paper believes that The Aeneid is propaganda. The first reason this epic poem is propaganda is because Augustus wanted to tell the story, so he appointed Virgil to write the story and set the standards for the style it was to be written in. The only line that is unclear is who is actually telling the story. It is never mentioned in history whether Augustus told Virgil what to say or if these are the ideals and opinions of Virgil himself. The example given about the depiction of the Battle of Actium on Aeneas’ shield directly follows the definition of propaganda because it is showing the battle which is fact, but skews it to be in the favor of Augustus. It also helps to damage the opposing cause of the Triumvirate and helps to unify Rome. This story is also propaganda because of the traits seen in Aeneas. Aeneas displays all of the qualities that Augustus and the Roman people believe Romans should have. These qualities include the moral values of responsibility, duty, family devotion, and bravery. Augustus was extremely smart in his appointing Virgil to write the epic poem The Aeneid. It set out exactly what he intended it to do, which was to follow the Greek format of The Odyssey to give Romans their own story. It glorified Rome and was propaganda in the ideals and facts that were spread to further Rome’s cause.

Community Nursing Essay

Community as partner model To gain access to the community, the community must: -Perceive that a need exist -Believe that the CHN can help address this need -Perceive that its information and contributions are valued -Be assured of confidentiality for non-public information -Be involved from the beginning in this partnership Compare Neuman System Model & Community as Partner Model -the inner circle represents the community -the dotted circles represents resistance -spiritual, psyschosocial, physiological -the other circles represents line of defence Look up Appendix 11 Community as a partner looks at the 8 sub groups, and if one of them is distorted; everything will also be impacted. Determinants of health and community The determinants of health relevant to the community -chn need to consider the determinants of health that might exists in their community, such as crime, social and physical environments, education level, socio economic status, poverty. WHY? -Every community that you go to has individuals strengths and crisis, as the chn investigate a community Assessing acommunity -Structure -Population -Social system Structure (locale) ï‚ §Name of community/ neighbourhood ï‚ §Geopraphuc boundaries ï‚ §Environment ï‚ §Water and sanitation ï‚ §Housing ï‚ §Economy Population (people) ï‚ §Age distribution ï‚ §Sex distribution ï‚ §Growth trends ï‚ §Density ï‚ §Education level ï‚ §Predominant cultural and religious groups Social System ï‚ §Education system ï‚ §Government ï‚ §Communication system ï‚ §Transportation system ï‚ §Welfare system ï‚ §Volunteer programs ï‚ §Health system Assessing the community: -What are some common health needs of communities -Vulnerable populations -Poor and homeless clients -Risk takers -Client with chronic illness -Woman and girls -Youth -Elderly Community assessment -A logical, systematic approach to -Identifying community -Strengths, resources, assets, capabilities, and opportunities -Clarifying/ validating concerns – community leaders -Identifying the constraints: the economic, political, and social factors, and the determinants of health Why collect data? -Goal is to acquire usable info. About the community; its concerns, strengths and problem Assessing the community -Gathering data: the process of obtaining existing, readily available data, such as age and gender of residents oHow do we collect data ï‚ §Information interviews ï‚ §Focus groups ï‚ §Participants observation ï‚ §Windshield surveys ï‚ §Secondary analyses of existing data ï‚ §Surveys Windshield survery (pg. 257) -Core elements oHistory oDemographics oEthnicity oValues and beliefs -Subsystems oPhysical environment oHealth and social services oEconomic theory oTransportation oPolitics and govt oCommunication oEducation oRecreation Assessment issues/ barrier (pg. 258) -A chn from outside the community- gaining entry or acceptance is a major hurdle to assessment oStrategies or overcome? -As a CHN â€Å"member of the community† what barriers might be present. How would you deal with this? Identifying community health concerns -Each health concern uncovered by data collection and analyst must Planning Phase -The chn seeks to clarify the nature of the concern, the points at which intervention might be undertaken, and the parties that have an interest in the health concern and its solutions. -Perception oWhat is the nature of the concern oWhat factors contribution to the health concern? oWhat is the possible outcome of the concern? oWhat are the relationships between or affect of other health concerns? ï‚ §Teenage pregnancy: infant malnutrition: hooking them up with education Setting health concern priorities: -6 helpful ranking criteria are: oCommunity awareness of the concern oCommunity motivation to resolve or better manage the concern oCHN’s ability to influence the solution.- you need to be realistic oAvailability of expertise to provide a solution oSeverity of the outcomes if the concern is not resolved oHow quickly the health concern can be solved Establishing goals and objectives -Goals are broad Implementation -Work and activities aimed at achieving the goal oChange agents oDuring this phase ask: for each situation who will implement? CHN, community group involved, individual oHow should the CHN use her knowledge, skills, and position? Many roles=role model, analyst, expert, advisor, educator, advocate. oWhat is the ultimate CHN goal? To change the community for the better, empowerment, education, moving them to solve their own problems The nurse’s role depends on: -The nature of the health problem, -The community’s decision making ability -And professional and personal choices -The social change process and how receptive the community is to CHANGE. -SNOW BALL EFFECT: influence the pro change in the community and the rest will follow. Evaluation = the appraisal of the effect Evalution phase: outcomes measures answer questions about the results of the intervention -Has the health conc3ern has resovled? -Has the health risk been reduced? -(for example compare -SAFETY be aware of your surrounding, watch your own back; develop trusted partners in the community -population -Data generation: the process of developing -Database analysis

United colours of Benetton essays

United colours of Benetton essays UNITED COLOURS OF BENETTON TOSCANIS ADVERTISING CAMPAIGNS Over the years, advertising has become the single largest source of visual imagery in our society. No matter where we look, we see advertisements trying to sell us everything from food to cars. We often see images of beautiful people enticing us to spend our money on products we think we need, hoping that by purchasing the product we too will reap the benefits of owning it. Not long ago however, an Italian clothing designer named Luciano Benetton changed the face of advertising forever by employing Oliviero Toscani as chief of advertising at Benetton. Instead of showing Benettons products in its advertisements, they have chosen to show images related to important world issues in an apparent attempt to raise awareness. In this essay, I shall discuss the social and cultural implications of Benettons advertisements to discover why they have become so criticised and whether or not they are beneficial to society today. It was in 1989 that Benetton became the first company to eliminate pictures of its products from its advertisements. In their place, Benetton uses powerful images of AIDS victims, racism, war and now even death row inmates. In the same year, the trademark United Colours of Benetton was officially adopted. The campaign trademark and philosophy is the result of the combined efforts of company president Luciano Benetton and photographer Oliviero Toscani. Benetton and Toscanis personal ideas and perspectives on advertising have since become very similar with Benettons corporate image. Toscani is in fact only interested in the world and people. Toscani, who has a long history in dealing with art, was given total control over Benettons advertisements. His decision to completely remove the product from the advertisements stems directly from his beliefs about the problems of contemporary ad...

Social Identity Essay Example

Social Identity Essay Example Social Identity Essay Social Identity Essay Social Identity From Encyclopedia of Women and Gender: Sex Similarities and Differences and the Impact of Society on Gender l. Conceptions and Definitions II. Types of Social Identity Ill. Multiplicity and Intersectionality V. Aspects of Social Identity V. Assessing Social Identity VI. Development and Change VI. Negotiating Social Identities Glossary Intersectionality The condition in which a person simultaneously belongs to two or more social categories or social statuses and the unique consequences that result from that combination. Minimal group paradigm An experimental procedure for creating social identity conditions in which articipants are arbitrarily assigned to one group or another. Social representations Commonly shared and collectively elaborated beliefs about social reality held by members of a culture or subculture. Stereotypes Organized, consensual beliefs and opinions about specific categories or groups of people. SOCIAL IDENTIFICATION is the process by which we define ourselves in terms and categories that we share with other people. In contrast to characterizations of personal identity, which may be highly idiosyncratic, social identities assume some commonalities with others. This chapter introduces several key issues surrounding social identity, including form and content, assessment, development and change, and identity negotiation. I. Conceptions and Definitions Identity is a term that is widely used and, as a consequence, can mean many different things to different people. Identity is sometimes used to refer to a sense of integration of the self, in which different aspects come together in a unified whole. This intrapsychic emphasis is often associated with Erik Erikson, who introduced the term identity crisis as part of his stage model of psychological development. Another common use of the term, particularly in contemporary times, is identity politics, where the reference is typically to different political positions that are staked out by members of ethnic and nationality groups. In this article, the term social identity refers specifically to those aspects of a person that are defined in terms of groups, only some of those groups are meaningful in terms of how we define ourselves. In these cases, our self-definition is shared with other people who also claim that categorical membership, for example, as a woman, as a Muslim, as a marathon runner, or as a Democrat. To share a social identity with others does not necessarily mean that we know or interact with every other member of the designated category. It does mean, however, that we believe that we share numerous features with other members of the category and that, to some degree, events that are relevant to the group as a whole also have significance for the individual member. As an example, a person who defines herself as a feminist is more likely to be aware of legislation regulating abortion, more likely to have read books by Betty Friedan or bell hooks, and more likely to be aware of salary discrepancies between omen and men than is a person who does not identify as a feminist. Many forms of social identity exist, reflecting the many ways in which people connect to other groups and social categories. In our own work, we have pointed to five distinct types of social identification: ethnic and religious identities, political identities, vocations and avocations, personal relationships, and stigmatized groups (see Table l). Each of these types of social identification has some unique characteristics that make it somewhat different from another type. Relationship identities, in particular, have some special features. To be a mother, for example, can imply a sense of shared experience with other people who are mothers. Sometimes particular aspects of these experiences can be defined even more finely, as in Mothers Against Drunk Drivers (MADD). At the same time, the identity of mother implies a specific role relationship with another person, a relationship that is unique and grounded in ones own personal experience with that other person. Other social identities can be defined more generally, tied not to any individual but to a generic group. Thus to identify as a doctor, for example, implies a shared definition with ountless others, many of whom you may not know anything in particular about. Another defining characteristic of occupational identities is that they are chosen by the person (what is sometimes called an achieved status). In contrast, social identities such as ethnicity or gender are ascribed categories, given to one at birth. Social identities also differ in the status or value that is attached to them. In Table l, for example, the stigmatized identities stand apart from the other types of social identity, all of which are typically regarded more positively. In the original study that defined he categories presented in Table l, gender was clustered together with other relationship identities in the final statistical solution. Certainly it is true that many relationships are gendered in their definition and implications (as are many occupations as well). However, because of the importance and centrality of gender in our lives, it is often considered as a category in itself. Similarly, sexual orientation can be classified as one form of a relationship identity, but it often has greater prominence than other relationship identities. To understand more about the nature f social identity, let us consider three identities in more detail: gender, ethnicity and Ethnicity and religion Asian American Jewish Southerner West Indian Political affiliation Feminist Republican Environmentalist Vocations and avocations Psychologist Artist Athlete Military veteran Relationships Mother Parent Teenager Widow Stigmatized identities Person with AIDS Homeless person Alcoholic A. GENDER IDENTITY Ones gender-most typically as a man or woman-is one of the most frequently mentioned identities when people are asked to describe themselves, and it is also ne of the categories most often used by others to describe us. Similarly, the development of gender identity (see Section VI) has been a central topic for developmental psychologists. Because gender is such a fundamental category, it is perhaps not surprising that a great many meanings and implications are associated with gender. Personality traits (e. g. , being competitive or being aware of the feelings of others), role behaviors (e. g. , taking care of children or assuming leadership roles), physical characteristics (e. g. , having broad shoulders or a soft voice), and a host of ther associations can be leadership roles), physical characteristics (e. g. , having broad shoulders or a soft voice), and a host of other associations can be linked to gender categories. [See SOCIAL ROLE THEORY OF SEX DIFFERENCES AND SIMILARITIES. At the same time, many investigators believe that it is not useful to think of gender as a single social category. Rather, many have argued for a concept of gendered identities, which recognizes the multiple social identities that may be influenced by ones gender. As noted earlier, both occupations (e. g. , nurse) and relationships (e. g. wife) often have gender implications. Similarly, a persons identity as a woman may differ radically depending on whether she views herself as a feminis t or as a more traditional type of woman. Thus, in adopting a perspective of gendered identities, one acknowledges that multiple identities are shaped by ones gender, and that social identities can intersect and overlap with one another. B. ETHNIC AND NATIONAL IDENTITIES For many people, ethnicity is a central element of self-definition and becomes an important social identity. In the past, social scientists categorized human beings in erms of basic racial categories, such as Asian, Caucasian, and Negroid. With increasing awareness of the arbitrary nature of the social construction of race, these categories are less frequently used. More common today is categorization on the basis of ethnicity, defined in terms of culture, language, and country of origin. Works by theorists such as William Cross on African American identity exemplify the approach to this form of categorization and identification. Nationality can be closely linked to ethnic identity, but it often represents a distinct way of identifying oneself. In Finland, for example, being ethnically Finnish and being a citizen of Finland are highly overlapping bases of identification. In contrast, in the United States one can have an identity as an American and at the same time hold an identity (often hyphenated) as an African American, an Asian American, a Latino, or a West Indian. Like most identities, national identities are flexible and subjectively defined. People claim. Often second-generation immigrants, for example, feel a pressure to choose between maintaining an identity with their country of origin and developing a new identification with the host country. These two bases of identification can have quite different meanings for friendship networks, social and cultural activities, and even marriage and family. Yet at the same time, it is increasingly recognized that people are not necessarily required to choose between one of two mutually exclusive identities, but may instead maintain dual identification or may use the two sources of identity as the basis for a new emergent form of social identification, for example, as a bicultural person. Like gender, the analysis of ethnic and national identity is more complex than it sometimes first seems. C. SEXUAL ORIENTATION Many people use sexual orientation as a central category of social identification. As is often the case, members of the minority group-in this case, gays and lesbians-are more likely to give prominence to this social identification than are members of the dominant majority group-in this case, heterosexuals. Many analyses of gay and lesbian identification have posited stage models of development, describing the processes by which people come to recognize and then to endorse their sexual orientation. These models take into account the evidence that many individuals do not become aware of their sexual preferences until adolescence or later. At the same time, stage models are often criticized, both for assuming invariant sequences in the development of the gay/ lesbian identity, as well as for assuming that the process works in the same way for gays and for lesbians. Far less work has been done in defining a heterosexual identity, in part because it is less frequently referred to by those who might see themselves that way (although heterosexuality per se has certainly been studied widely). A critical aspect of the gay and lesbian identity is that it is, in some segments of society, a highly stigmatized identity, a characteristic that is hared with some ethnic and religious identities. The experience of prejudice and discrimination that gays and lesbians face makes the process of social identification a particularly difficult one at times, as the positive values that one typically associates with ones own group are not shared by the society at large. Identification in terms of sexual orientation also illustrates well the overlapping nature of identity categories, particularly with gender. It is easy to talk in terms of multiple identities, for example, having separate identities as a woman, a lawyer, a spouse, a mother, a roller blader, and so on. In fact, several theoretical traditions within psychology and sociology, including role theory and symbolic interaction, encourage us to think in terms of these distinct groups. In contrast, theories emanating from personality psychology, such as that of Erik Erikson, focus on the possibilities for integrating multiple identities into a single identity. Indeed, within that particular tradition, the successful resolution of potential conflicts among identities is seen as a criterion of the healthy personality. Each of these positions involves its own conceptual challenges. For those who favor hen these identities relate to one another. Are there points of overlap among identities? Can identities be represented in some form of hierarchy, with more important or more encompassing identities at the top and other less central or more specific identities at the bottom? For those who favor the integrative position, the questions concern how integration is achieved and whether a single identity, defined as the integrated sum of various component identities, can be predictive of more domain-specific behaviors. Another perspective on this issue is to consider the intersectionality among various ocial identities. Intersectionality is a term introduced by critical legal theorists to refer to the specific conditions that exist when one holds two or more social statuses. ntroduced by critical legal theorists to refer to the specific conditions that exist when one holds two or more social statuses. Often discussion has focused on the intersections of race and gender, exploring what it means, for example, to be a Black female as opposed to being a Black male or a White female. Gender, it is argued, does not necessarily carry the same meanings for members of different ethnic roups. Similarly, ethnicity may be experienced differently for women as compared to m en. At the same time, proponents of intersectionality suggest that it is not possible to clearly distinguish between experience that is related to race and experience that is related to gender. Rather, the conditions are inextricably bound together in the individuals life. Many investigations have shown the importance of considering different configurations of social categories. Often, the particular confgurations and the importance of one versus another identity may change over time as well, eminding us that identity is a dynamic rather than static process. Taken to the extreme, of course, the notion of intersectionality could be problematic if all possible intersections needed to be considered at all times. More likely, however, there are a limited number of key identity categories whose influence is sufficiently strong to combine with others and it is those intersections that investigators will want to study most closely. IV. Aspects of Social Identity A social identity is first of all a label or a category, a way of grouping a number of people together on the basis of some shared features. Beyond the labeling, however, ocial identity has many more implications, both for the persons who claim the social identity and for others who see them as members of particular categories. Thus the category label can in a sense be considered the frame for a painting that is rich in cognitive beliefs, emotional associations, and behavioral consequences. A. COGNITIVE ASPECTS The cognitive aspects of a social identity can be extensive and varied, including personality traits, social and political attitudes, and memories for identity-related events. Because social identities are developed and defined within a social world, many of these cognitions are shared. Indeed, some investigators talk in terms of self- stereotyping, suggesting that when one views the self in terms of a particular social Another way of talking about these shared definitions is to refer to the social representations of salient categories. Groups defined by gender, age, ethnicity, and nationality are all represented in the culture at large. There is often a consensus as to what best characterizes boys and girls, for example, or people from Australia or Turkey or Senegal. Consider the stereotype of woman, for example. Traits typically associated with the category of woman include being emotional, kind, understanding, nd helpful to others. More specifically defined types of women, such as a businesswoman, a feminist, or a housewife, carry other associations. These societally shared beliefs about a category can become part of ones own social identification with the category. However, people do not necessarily take on the whole set of associations that consensually define a category. From the general set of societal representations, people may adopt some aspects as relevant while not accepting others. In addition, people often create their own idiosyncratic definitions of what it means to be a particular type of person. Thus, the cognitive contents of a social identity are best conceived as a combination of socially shared beliefs and other attributes based on personal experience. [See GENDER STEREOTYPES]. B. EMOTIONAL AND MOTIVATIONAL ASPECTS In many cases, social identities include not only cool cognitions, but hot emotions as well. Thus to be a feminist or an environmentalist, for example, may entail strong, affectively based feelings about social equality or the preservation of the environment. Similarly, ethnic and national identities often carry deep emotional meanings. Consider the recent conflicts in the former Yugoslavia, among Serbs, Croatians, and Muslims; or the killings in Africa of Hutus and Tutsis; the troubles between Catholics and Protestants in Northern Ireland; and the continuing conflicts in the Middle East between Palestinians and Israeli Jews. In each case, identification with the ethnic group has a strong affective element that underlies the cognitive meanings associated with the identity. Eva Hoffman, a Polish writer who emigrated to Canada, conveys the intensity of affect that can characterize an ethnic identity in the following passage: The country of my childhood lives within me with a primacy that is a form of love All we have to draw on is that first potent furnace, the uncompromising, ignorant love, the original heat and hunger for the forms of the world. (Lost in Translation: A Life in a New Language, 1990, pp. 74-75) The recognition that identification has an emotional as well as a cognitive basis has a long history in psychology. Sigmund Freud, for example, described identification in terms of the emotional ties one has, first with a parent and later with members of groups (and especially with the group leader). Subsequently, social psychologists such as Henri TaJfel included the emotional significance of membership as part of ocial identification. Social identities also have a motivational basis. Particularly in the case of identities that people choose or achieve, specific that people choose or achieve, specific functions are believed to be satisfied by the choice of identification. Although the variety of functions served by social identities are numerous, it is possible to think about a few general types. First, social identity may serve as a means of self-definition or self-esteem, making the person feel better about the self. Second, social identification may be a means of interacting with others ho share ones values and goals, providing reference group orientation and shared activity. A third function that social identification can serve is as a way of defining oneself in contrast to others who are members of another group, a way of positioning oneself in the larger community. This functional basis of identification can both serve as the impetus for Joining a group, as well as become a defining agenda for group activity. C. BEHAVIORAL ASPECTS One reason why social identification is a topic of such high interest is because categorizations have implications for behavior. To the extent that one defines oneself n terms of a particular group, it affects the behaviors one enacts for oneself and the way one interacts with others who may be members of different groups. Early research on social identity by TaJfel and his colleagues emphasized the intergroup aspects of social identification. His research, which used a paradigm known as the minimal group, showed that it takes very little to create a sense of identification with one group and a consequent disfavoring of another group. In these simple experiments, people were assigned to be in a specified group on the basis of a preference for one painter over another, or on a bogus distinction between reference for green or blue, or even Just an arbitrary assignment as an X or a Y. With even this minimal and highly artificial basis for group identification, people will allocate rewards in such a way as to favor their own group and to disadvantage the other. But the behavioral implications of social identification go far beyond these simple experimental demonstrations. An increasing body of research shows that group identification has important motivational consequences, and that the identifications that one is assigned or chooses lead to relevant actions in a variety of domains, from olunteering for an organization to participating in social protest to choosing a mate. Not surprisingly, people who are more strongly identified with a particular group are more likely to carry out actions that are supportive of that group. [See INDIVIDUALISM AND COLLECTIVISM. Given the complexity and multifaceted nature of social identity, the question of how one assesses a social identity is important. Perhaps not surprisingly, given the ingenuity of social scientists, many different methods have been developed over the years. Disputes have also developed as to which approach is the best. Probably the implest way to designate a social identity is to assig n it arbitrarily, as is typically done in the minimal group experiments. Almost as simple is an approach in which can determine that a person is a woman, a professor, or an Asian American, it is possible to assume that the social identity is present. A problem for this assumption, however, is that social identity is more appropriately viewed as a subjective, rather than objective, state. Thus, while every student at a university can reasonably be called a student, it is not necessarily true that every student feels strongly identified with that category. Knowing how important or central an identity is to the person is necessary in order to predict how much the identity will influence the persons beliefs, emotions, and actions. To deal with this potential problem, many measures of identification have been developed in which the respondent is asked to indicate how important or unimportant a particular identity is. Social identity involves more than Just categorization, however. As suggested earlier, key features of social identification include sets of beliefs, emotional associations, and motivational considerations. Some investigators have developed more extensive uestionnaires to tap a variety of aspects of social identification. One issue in developing such measures is how generic versus how identity-specific they should be. A generic measure is one that can be used to assess any social identification, and thus it allows investigators to make comparisons between different social identities in terms of their strength or centrality. An item on this type of generic scale could be the following (this one taken from the Collective Self-Esteem Scale developed by Luhtanen and Crocker): Being a member of a social group is an important reflection of who I am. In this case, any specific social identity group could be substituted for the general term social group. A somewhat more specific form of identity assessment is the measure of ethnic identity developed by Jean Phinney. In this case, the scale was designed specifically to assess ethnic identity, as evidenced by items such as the following: l have a lot of pride in my ethnic group and its accomplishments and l participate in cultural practices of my own group, such as special food, music, or customs. Phinney suggests that this measure can be used to assess an y ethnic identification; thus it would be equally appropriate for an African American, a Cuban American, or a Vietnamese American. General measures such as these have the advantage of allowing the investigator to make comparisons between groups, using a common metric. At the same time, these all-purpose measures have been criticized because they do not get at the specific features of a specific identification. Within the area of ethnic identification, for example, the beliefs and experiences associated with being a Black American are probably different from those associated with being a Latino (or, more specifically, a Mexican American, a Cuban American, a Puerto Rican, etc. ). To capture these more unique aspects of social identification, some investigators have developed measures that are specific to a particular group. As one example, Robert Sellers and his colleagues created a measure of African American racial identity that includes both general measures of centrality and salience, as well as specific questions about racial ideology that are based on the African American experience (expressed in ideological philosophies specific questions about racial ideology that are based on the African American experience (expressed in ideological philosophies of nationalism, oppression, Other quantitative measures of identity reflect different theoretical traditions. From the perspective of Eriksonian models, for example, identity is assessed in terms of the attainment of integration among identities. Other theories, such as those that assume continuing multiplicity, suggest assessment techniques that speak to the structure and relationship among various identities. Seymour Rosenberg and Paul de Boeck have developed procedures that yield a visual representation of identity structure, showing how a persons identities are positioned relative to one another. Figure 1 illustrates such a structure. In this particular method, people are asked to list both the identities that are important to them and the attributes that they associate with each identity. Based on the degree to which identities are characterized by common attributes (and attributes are similarly applied to identities), a structure is determined in which some identities are more encompassing or superordinate (such as woman in this example) and others are more distinctive and limited (such as daughter or volunteer in this example). Daughter and sister appear together in this fgure because they are described by the same traits, i. e. , comfortable, relaxed, etc. Other identities are described in other ways, as the figure shows. This method of identity assessment uses sophisticated quantitative methods, but at the same time yields very individualized portraits. Figure 1 Example of an identity structure. A quite different approach to assessing identity relies not on quantitative measures, but rather on various qualitative forms of data analysis, including narratives and open-ended interview material. In this approach, the investigator is more willing to let the person herself define the domains in which identity is relevant and the dimensions by which it is characterized. Qualitative methods are generally more successful than strictly quantitative methods in providing a context for identity, allowing the respondent to relate themes of self to the historical and social events in which they developed and are played out. Qualitative assessment of identity has been particularly successful in exploring and highlighting conditions of intersectionality. By turning to the participants own narrative, the investigator is better able to appreciate the complex ways in which various identities may combine and overlap, as well as gain a sense of the ways in which those combinations may shift over time and place. Qualitative approaches are also a particularly useful way to enter worlds that may not be recognized and represented in more traditional approaches, which are often based on implicit norms that do not generalize. The sense of oneself as belonging to a particular category of people, or of being characterized by particular labels, begins quite early in life. In terms of gender identity, most investigators believe that between the age of two and three years children have a early in life. In terms of gender identity, most investigators believe that between the age of two and three years children have a sense of their gender. Gender identity is